Classroom Assessment in Fifth Grade Science Essay

Decentralization and Democratization in Indonesia

Decentralization and Democratization in Indonesia Part Six Exercises and Implications The adjustments in Indonesia have been incrementalWe still have the New Order, or its majority. Anyway, the destructive parts are as yet reigning in. We have another organization yet the New Order holds returning different ways. Dwight T. King[1] It is an oddity that, in a period when majority rules system appears to have risen as the absolute most satisfactory type of political association, an ever increasing number of individuals in both develop and youthful vote based systems are separating from the political procedure. Knight, Chigudu Tandon (2002) †¦a breakdown of a tyrant system might be reversed†¦even if majority rule government is built up, it need not be united. Under specific conditions, popularity based foundations may deliberately produce results that cause some politically significant powers to decide on dictatorship. Consequently, merged majority rules system is just one among the potential results of breakdown of tyrant systems. Pzeworski (1991: 51) Presentation The conversation in past sections gives an establishment to significant hypothetical bits of knowledge with respect to the nature and the importance of decentralization in Indonesia, just as its connection to democratization in the areas. I have underlined how decentralization rehearses in the districts advance mainstream investment in neighborhood political procedures past constituent cooperation. All around, the encounters of Bandung District and City of Cirebon in executing decentralization somewhere in the range of 1945 and 2006 loan backing to the contention that decentralization doesn't really prompt the development of nearby vote based system inside which neighborhood customary individuals can apply their capacity to fundamentally impact neighborhood dynamic procedure. Despite the fact that advancing majority rule government has gotten one of the expressed objectives of a few decentralization laws, their requirement in the two areas has not advanced important consideration of nearby common individuals in neighborhood political procedures past discretionary support. Truth be told, it has been the most vulnerable purpose of decentralization rehearses in the two areas. In general, the two contextual analyses share a comparable topic, to be specific that force remains really amassed in the hands of neighborhood elites and thus, nearby networks are continually underestimated. Against this background, in this part, I will look at various elements which have surrounded the majority rule capability of the decentralization program in Indonesia. In view of the encounters of an assortment of nations, a few scholars recommend that effective decentralization approaches are dependent upon certain individual or aggregate essentials. These include: a high level of focal state limit, an all around created common society, solid political will among national just as neighborhood political elites, solid social help, a long understanding of vote based system, a settled multi-party framework, solid empowering lawful structures, and a culture of responsibility, and so on (Rondinelli, McCullough Johnson 1989: 77-78; Crook Manor 1995: 327; Ardaya Thevoz 2001: 220; Heller 2001: 138-139). With respect to affirmation, experts likewise accentuate that the degree to which these conditions work shifts across nations. This implies a few conditions work generally well in specific nations, however in others they don't viably encourage the expressed objectives of decentralization arrangements (Kulipossa 2004: 771). Likewise, Smoke (2003: 12) and Kul ipossa (2004: 772) additionally cause to notice the way that there are situations where decentralization can accomplish its latent capacity benefits without those conditions, just as situations where the vast majority of those requirements are set up, however decentralization has been sabotaged. Against the above line of figured, I would contend here that to a limited degree, the unfulfilled law based capability of decentralization rehearses in Bandung and Cirebon can likewise be related with the nonattendance of a portion of the above great conditions. These incorporate feeble political will among both national and neighborhood political specialists, the nonappearance of a dynamic common society, and the absence of a mindful open. Obviously, these components differ across time and systems. Most importantly, the nonattendance of these great conditions for satisfying the majority rule capability of decentralization seems to result from three angles: first, from the start, decentralization in Indonesia has been seen and grasped by Indonesian political elites principally as an issue of political technique; second, the long-standing tyrant arrangement of government; and third, the power of down to business over political decentralization approach, both normatively and experiment ally. Decentralization in Indonesia: a matter of systems political methodology? Among the most significant elements which decides the plan and the genuine acts of decentralization and thus, its normal results (e.g., improving open assistance conveyance, keeping up national mix and advancing nearby majority rule government) is the inspiration of key on-screen characters in receiving the strategy in any case (Selee Tulchin 2004). The encounters of many creating nations in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, for example, authenticate that the thought processes of government officials that grasp decentralization strategies are not really as righteous as the individuals who plan them. Indeed, Smoke and Gomez (2006 : 351; see additionally, for instance, Eaton 2001a; Shah Thompson 2004: 3-4) see that notwithstanding the productivity and great administration talk encompassing decentralization, the basic driving force has been inalienably political, implying that the reception of decentralization has been connected to focal governments want to achieve their own specific pol itical interests. The elements basic political intrigue are nation and system explicit. They incorporate, for example, supporting their authenticity according to residents as a rule in the midst of national political emergency, rivalry with rival ideological groups for well known help, pressure from subnational governments for additional forces, and open door for a decision gathering to unite power (Selee Tulchin 2004: 299-302; Smoke Gomez 2006 : 351). Numerous spectators accept that these sorts of political thought processes have incompletely represented the disappointment of decentralization rehearses in many creating nations to convey its majority rule potential (Eaton 2001a; Friedman Kihato 2004; Oxhorn 2004). Indonesias decentralization experience isn't a special case to the above marvel. In spite of the fact that advancing democratization has been one of the expressed objectives of Indonesias decentralization programs, there has been critical hole among talk and reality. The nonstop minimization of neighborhood individuals from nearby political procedures has been somewhat established in the ‘undemocratic political intentions of both national and neighborhood political elites in embracing and executing decentralization arrangement. As clarified in Chapter Three, decentralization in Indonesia has never been built in a political vacuum. Thus, I would contend that the degree, example and procedure of decentralization has been unequivocally impacted by, acquiring Montero and Samuels term (2004: 5), political determinants, i.e., system reactions to changing conditions and motivators inside the setting of quick political and monetary changes. During the insurgency period, decentralization strategies perceived the guideline of broad self-sufficiency in all locales of the recently free Republic. Be that as it may, such arrangements were really built by national political elites as a methods for building up and keeping up national authority over numerous previously working nearby governments in those districts recently involved by the pioneer government. The polices were additionally developed to satisfy other political closures, to be specific to increase worldwide acknowledgment, as contained in both Law No. 1 of 1945 and No. 22 of 1948 even with Dutch allegations that Indonesia was a manikin condition of the Japanese. Along these lines, regardless of legitimate cases that decentralization was held onto as a basic methodology in appearing a law based framework due to the countrys size and assorted attributes, the grasp of the approach during this period was not truly identified with the expectation of creating important fa ir framework inside the nation since those two essential laws were not trailed by any reasonable operational headings at all on how a vote based arrangement of government would be made on the ground. This case is underscored by the way that there was no noteworthy modification as far as nearby political procedures in Bandung, Cirebon or different districts in the nation. As Maryanov (1958: 9) additionally watched, A significant number of the organizations and practices embraced or used by autonomous Indonesia have been impressions of those set up by the Netherlands East Indies†¦alterations in legislative structure ended up being minor†¦patterns of regulatory conduct remained established in the Dutch conventional methods. As needs be, the encounters of both Bandung and Cirebon during post-freedom until mid 1950s uncovered that, aside from the foundation of nearby government structures, the requirement of Law No. 1 of 1945 and No. 22 of 1948 permitted neither viable decentralization nor democratization in the districts. Obviously, the political circumstance during progressive time likewise added to the constrained authorization of the strategies in the locales. By a similar token, there were three definitive political components which drove national political elites to embrace propelled decentralization strategy as contained in Law No. 1 of 1957 which â€Å"greatly expanded the intensity of chose administrative gatherings in the areas, rules, and municipalities† and set for more extensive territorial position vis-à -vis the focal government (Feith 1962: 552). These variables were, initial, a sort of political guarantee by the legislature of Republic of Indonesia to the previous constituent conditions of the Repu

How to Improve Your Professional Writing Skills

How to Improve Your Professional Writing Skills Boost Your Professional Writing Skills With These Helpful Tips Boost Your Professional Writing Skills With These Helpful Tips Professional writing is quite different from your typical college essay. It’s a skill you don’t necessarily get to practice until you enter the working world, but it’s something you’re going to use quite often. From sending client emails to speaking with management and reporting on tasks and projects, you’re going to be doing a lot of professional communication. That’s why it’s important to take the time to hone in on your skills nowâ€" so you can only get better from here. Try some of these tips and tricks to help you develop your skills and ace your new job, wherever it takes you. Make Emails Personal When writing emails, whether you’re speaking to a client or the CEO of the company, don’t be stiff and robotic. Use their name, address their specific situation, and don’t sound like a walking marketing slogan. Ask the recipient how their weekend was, or if they are going on vacation wish them a great trip. This shows you care and want to form a professional relationship with them. Avoid Slang You aren’t talking to your best friend after class. You are speaking to your employer, your clients, and the other people who are running the business that pay your bills. Don’t use emoticons, happy faces, “lol,” or any other informal, unprofessional methods of speaking that will potentially turn off all of your audience members and possibly flag you as unfit for the job. Read Your Document Out Loud Don’t just rely on Grammarly or your word processor’s built-in spell check. Read your document out loud and hear how it really sounds. If it sounds funny, revise it. Computer technologies don’t always catch those awkward sentences that your brain can, so make use of every tool available to youâ€" even your own mouth. Give Examples and Specific Details The more specific you are, the more you can show that you know what you’re talking about and that you have done your research. Give examples wherever you can. Point out something specific that people may have not realized, indicating how much thought you put into your job. Get Professional Writing Help For The Push You Need At Homework Help Global, we provide a variety of services that can help you through every stage of your life, from your first assignment in college to your first big professional document in your very first career job. From presentations to seminars, charts, and technical reports, we’ve got you covered so you can focus on being the best you can be. Order your professional documents now to get ahead of the game. References: American Management Association. (n.d.) Business writing tips for professionals. American Management Association. Retrieved from business-writing-tips-for-professionals.aspx. Quick Base. (2013). 10 ways to improve your professional writing. Quick Base. Retrieved from 10-ways-to-improve-your-professional-writing. How to Improve Your Professional Writing Skills Boost Your Professional Writing Skills With These Helpful Tips Boost Your Professional Writing Skills With These Helpful Tips Professional writing is quite different from your typical college essay. It’s a skill you don’t necessarily get to practice until you enter the working world, but it’s something you’re going to use quite often. From sending client emails to speaking with management and reporting on tasks and projects, you’re going to be doing a lot of professional communication. That’s why it’s important to take the time to hone in on your skills nowâ€" so you can only get better from here. Try some of these tips and tricks to help you develop your skills and ace your new job, wherever it takes you. Make Emails Personal When writing emails, whether you’re speaking to a client or the CEO of the company, don’t be stiff and robotic. Use their name, address their specific situation, and don’t sound like a walking marketing slogan. Ask the recipient how their weekend was, or if they are going on vacation wish them a great trip. This shows you care and want to form a professional relationship with them. Avoid Slang You aren’t talking to your best friend after class. You are speaking to your employer, your clients, and the other people who are running the business that pay your bills. Don’t use emoticons, happy faces, “lol,” or any other informal, unprofessional methods of speaking that will potentially turn off all of your audience members and possibly flag you as unfit for the job. Read Your Document Out Loud Don’t just rely on Grammarly or your word processor’s built-in spell check. Read your document out loud and hear how it really sounds. If it sounds funny, revise it. Computer technologies don’t always catch those awkward sentences that your brain can, so make use of every tool available to youâ€" even your own mouth. Give Examples and Specific Details The more specific you are, the more you can show that you know what you’re talking about and that you have done your research. Give examples wherever you can. Point out something specific that people may have not realized, indicating how much thought you put into your job. Get Professional Writing Help For The Push You Need At Homework Help Global, we provide a variety of services that can help you through every stage of your life, from your first assignment in college to your first big professional document in your very first career job. From presentations to seminars, charts, and technical reports, we’ve got you covered so you can focus on being the best you can be. Order your professional documents now to get ahead of the game! References: American Management Association. (n.d.) Business writing tips for professionals. American Management Association. Retrieved from business-writing-tips-for-professionals.aspx. Quick Base. (2013). 10 ways to improve your professional writing. Quick Base. Retrieved from 10-ways-to-improve-your-professional-writing.

Profile of the Pentaceratops

Despite its impressive name (which means five-horned face), Pentaceratops really only had three genuine horns, two big ones over its eyes and a smaller one perched on the end of its snout. The two other protuberances were technically outgrowths of this dinosaurs cheekbones, rather than genuine horns, which probably didnt make much difference to any smaller dinosaurs that happened to get in Pentaceratops way. Name: Pentaceratops (Greek for five-horned face); pronounced PENT-ah-SER-ah-topsHabitat: Plains of western North AmericaHistorical Period: Late Cretaceous (75 million years ago)Size and Weight: About 20 feet long and 2-3 tonsDiet: Plants Distinguishing Characteristics: Enormous bony frill on its head; two large horns above eyes About Pentaceratops A classic ceratopsian (horned face) dinosaur, Pentaceratops was closely related to the more famous, and more accurately named, Triceratops, although its closest relative was the equally large Utahceratops. (Technically, all of these dinosaurs are chasmosaurine, rather than centrosaurine, ceratopsians, meaning they share more characteristics with Chasmosaurus than with Centrosaurus.) From the tip of its beak to the top of its bony frill, Pentaceratops possessed one of the largest heads of any dinosaur that ever lived—about 10 feet long, give or take a few inches (its impossible to say for sure, but this otherwise peaceful plant-eater may have been the inspiration for the huge-headed, human-munching queen in the 1986 movie Aliens.) Until the recent discovery of  the evocatively named Titanoceratops, which was diagnosed from an existing skull previously attributed to Pentaceratops, this five-horned dinosaur was the only ceratopsian known to have lived in the environs of New Mexico toward the end of the Cretaceous period, 75 million years ago. Other ceratopsians, such as Coahuilaceratops, have been discovered as far south as Mexico. Why did Pentaceratops have such a huge noggin? The most likely explanation is sexual selection: at some point in the evolution of this dinosaur, huge, ornate heads became attractive to females, giving big-headed males the edge during mating season. Pentaceratops males probably butted each other with their horns and frills for mating supremacy; particularly well-endowed males may also have been recognized as herd alphas. Its possible that the unique horns and frill of Pentaceratops aided with intra-herd recognition, so, for example, a Pentaceratops juvenile wouldnt accidentally wander off with a passing group of Chasmosaurus! Unlike some other horned, frilled dinosaurs, Pentaceratops has a fairly straightforward fossil history. The initial remains (a skull and a piece of hipbone) were discovered in 1921 by Charles H. Sternberg, who continued plying this same New Mexico location over the next couple of years until he had collected enough specimens for his fellow paleontologist Henry Fairfield Osborn to erect the genus Pentaceratops. For nearly a century after its discovery, there was only one named genus of Pentaceratops. P. sternbergii, until a second, northern-dwelling species, P. aquilonius, was named by Nicholas Longrich of Yale University.

Neftalí Ricardo Reyes Basoalto, Famously Known As Pablo

Neftalà ­ Ricardo Reyes Basoalto, famously known as Pablo Neruda, is a remarkable Chilean poet born on July 12, 1904. He grew up in Temuco which is located in southern Chile. â€Å"Neruda is the most renowned poet of modern Latin American literature and one of the major poets of the twentieth century. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1971† (McDuffie). â€Å"Numerous critics have praised Neruda as the greatest poet writing in the Spanish language during his lifetime† (â€Å"Pablo Neruda†). Pablo Neruda worked to show the social injustices happening in his country. In addition to this, Neruda’s poetry is difficult to understand because of his use of language, and although his works have been translated to English, one will never thoroughly†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, Neruda wanted to show the people from his country how they should view themselves and be content: â€Å"He spoke to them of their mountains and trees, of their r ivers and nocturnal flowers† (Garcia XI).It is obvious that their country is filled of beautiful features and they should to be proud. Ultimately, in Neruda Chileans had someone who whom they could identify with above the distinctive lives they all lived. It’s easier to relate to someone who has been through similar things as you specially coming from the same country because you are able to connect with them on a different level. Between 1927 and 1935, â€Å"the government put Pablo Neruda in charge of a number of honorary consulships, which took him to Burma, Ceylon, Java, Singapore, Buenos Aires, Barcelona, and Madrid† (â€Å"Pablo Neruda - Biographical†). During this time he began writing, Residencia en la Tierra, which contain several poems. These poems seem unrealistic because they give a sense of fantasy. One of them being â€Å"CABALLO DE LOS SUEÑOS,† this particular piece is about a unicorns and rainbows and how he travels to a differen t dimension. One may lose themselves in this type of poetry because we may want to be reminded of our childhood, a time where we believed things were real but in actuality were part of our imagination. Neruda was a communist who wanted to represent his country,

Journey Free Essays

My life has been very interesting, living In Morocco and then moving to California and now I’m in Massachusetts and the Journey continues. Throughout the years I lived in so many houses and picked up so many memories. Each house had Its own design that made it some how special and unique. We will write a custom essay sample on Journey or any similar topic only for you Order Now But after all they’re all places that I spent my everyday at and had fun with family and friends. The first time I entered Oakland, I felt the vibe of the city and It was Like love at first sight. The city was so energetic and so much different than my hometown. So I went to my ether’s neighborhood and It was In a very quiet area which I really liked because I’m not used to the city and all Its noise. Walked In home and looked around and knew that place going to be so fun to live In, the best place In the inure house was my bedroom which was so big you could open a super market in it. Then I walked out to the back yard that had all the essentials to a great barbeques party with all the seats and the grills and thanks to the weather the sun was there everyday. Because of my dad’s job we had to move from place to place. So we moved to Malden ND it was a big move because the area and the city was so different from what I’m used to. We moved to a house near the Malden river and I really liked the fact that it was in a quite area and the house itself was big enough for both of us. I spent my entire first day exploring the house from the first floor down to the basement. T was a really clean house and because it was renovated everything was basically brand new, but of course what really mattered to me was my bedroom which I wasn’t Disappointed about at all because it met all my needs with the really comfortable bed ND the big windows that showed the river and let sunshine light up my room. The best room in the house was the kitchen even though I don’t know how to cook. But after all I really spent great days at my house and IM really grateful that its close to school. Rooney By amine-mean ENG 111 My life has been ver y interesting, living in Morocco and then moving to years I lived in so many houses and picked up so many memories. Each house had its own design that made it some how special and unique. But after all they’re all places time I entered Oakland, I felt the vibe of the city and it was like love at first sight. The father’s neighborhood and it was in a very quiet area which I really liked because I’m not used to the city and all its noise. Walked in home and looked around and knew that place going to be so fun to live in, the best place in the entire house was my Because of my dad’s Job we had to move from place to place. So we moved to Malden used to. We moved too house near the Malden river and I really liked the fact that it but of course what really mattered to me was my bedroom which I wasn’t best room in the house was the kitchen even though I don’t know how to cook. How to cite Journey, Papers Journey Free Essays string(152) " Hopkins is trying to get across the meaning that darkness is cruel or the equivalent to â€Å"Lucifer†, compared to the brightness of daylight\." Area of Study Essay- Journeys The Oxford Dictionary defines Journey as â€Å"an act of traveling from one place to another†; this could, of course, be taken literally. Instead, why not think of â€Å"places† as emotional or mental situations? So you take a Journey between different emotional states. â€Å"The journey, not the arrival, matters. We will write a custom essay sample on Journey or any similar topic only for you Order Now † This statement is correct for all four texts I will be discussing. The Journey is more important than the arrival because it is the Journey that makes people who they are. On a life Journey there are tipping points that define who we become. On our life Journey, what Is the end, death or meeting beyond? What significance does death have to the person you have become? Nothing: in death we look back at who we’ve become, but we have become like that, not because of the situation that you are in at that moment in time, but the choices or paths that we took on our life Journey. A life Journey has bumps and dips that can sometimes feel like mountains or craters as deep as hell, but the Journey will always continue. It could be argued that we never really have a specific arrival point in the Journey, but have multiple points of arrival and departures. Does a life Journey ever really end? The journeys that are shown in the texts are inner journeys (spiritual, mental and emotional) that revolve around certain significant points in the subject’s life Journey. The four texts that will be compared are; â€Å"God’s Grandeur†-Gerald Manley Hopkins, â€Å"l wake and feel the fell and dark. To day-Gerald Manley Hopkins, â€Å"Reign Over Me† written and directed by Mike Binder and a visual representation of Journey. â€Å"God’s Grandeur† contains a significant inner Journey. In the flirts four lines of the octet Hopkins describes a natural world through which God’s presence runs like an electrical current. Alternatively in the last four lines of the octet he talks about how humans are robbed of their sensitivity to the beauty of what is left in nature, peo ple have become unaware of the wonders of the world around them. The sestets shifts In argument again, even though humans do not realize It, nature continuously offers the potential of power and re-blurt. Hopkins Is In awe of the beauty of God’s presence all around him. Hopkins uses a metaphor of God’s grandeur as an electric force. This suggests an undercurrent that is not always seen, but which builds up as a tension r pressure that occasionally flashes out in ways that can be both brilliant and dangerous. In this moment Hopkins is amazed at how rich and full of life God can make him, Hopkins emotions peak at a high at this point in time. Hopkins uses repartition of the word â€Å"trod† and triple rhyming words; have trod, have trod, have trod, all is seared with trade blared and smeared with toil† to emphasis the struggle of humans, continuous Journey, they have been on a journey for so long that they can’t see God clearly anymore, and the use of the word â€Å"smeared† is to exaggerate he same thing again, the screen between God and humans is getting murky and dirty, not easy to see through, so they are losing contact.. Hopkins is disappointed that humans have destroyed the land by building factories. Seeing this makes that man does not recognize His power and the beauty of nature; â€Å". †¦ The soil is bare now, nor foot can feel, being shod. † This may mean that because humans are wearing shoes we are disconnected to nature, and we cannot feel God’s presence because we have a barrier between us and the earth. Humans have been cutting down trees and ruining the Earth for centuries, we have made the soil bare. Once Hopkins realizes that humans have stopped being one with nature, it made him almost annoyed that we can Just ignore God’s presence. Hopkins spirits are finally lifted again when he notices that there will always be the promise of re-birth, new life and â€Å"dearest freshness†. In the last four lines of the sestets Hopkins employs imagery from nature to convey rejuvenation by saying â€Å"†¦. Last lights off the black West went Oh, morning, at the brown brink eastward, springs†¦. Ah! Bright wings† meaning; that even though the sun goes down in the west he knows that God will bring it back up in the East, he as faith that God will keep the Earth surviving long enough that a similar cycle will happen with nature; that things will go back to how they were, fresh and rejuvenated. Also, Hopkins believes that eventually if God keep the Earth turning someone will eventually notice the beauty and wonder that God’s presence makes. In this poem Hopkins is on an emotional Journey, he first starts by being amazed at God’s presence, then his emotions change to almost angry at how human can be so ignorant, then when he realizes that God will always be there his emotions transform to astonishment at Gods persistence. WSDL it matter that he was astonished at the end of the poem, if you didn’t know how what occurred to redder him this way? The second text that I will be discussing is â€Å"l wake and feel the fell of dark, not day’, this is a terrible sonnet by Gerald Manley Hopkins this poem, is an emotional Journey also. In this poem Hopkins is suffering from insomnia, he longs for the brightness of the day time. The darkness of night makes Hopkins feel claustrophobic, the poem emphasis his feelings of loneliness and isolation. The sonnet finishes with the consolation of sleep, while it opens with its impossibility. Hopkins starts this poem by stating that he wake up expecting day light, but unfortunately he is still stuck in the fall of darkness. The clever use of â€Å"fell of dark†, relates back to the fall of Adam and Eve, or how the Lucifer (the devil) is a â€Å"fallen† angel. Hopkins is trying to get across the meaning that darkness is cruel or the equivalent to â€Å"Lucifer†, compared to the brightness of daylight. You read "Journey" in category "Papers" Hopkins is exhausted and he feels as though the night time is endless â€Å"But where I say Hours I mean years, mean life†. The last four lines of the octet describe how Hopkins is wondering where God really is, â€Å"†¦ Eke dead letters, to dearest him that lives alas! Away. Hopkins has been trying to get a response from God for all the hours of the night, but he feels like pleading with God for sleep is pointless. He thinks that God is Just ignoring him. The first line of the sestets has a metaphor â€Å"l am gall, I am heartburn. † Hopkins is now feeling so terrible that is feels like he is the pain; the darkness is so overw helming that he feels that he himself has become the insomnia. â€Å"The lost are like this†¦. As I am mine, their sweating selves; but worse† Hopkins now feels like he can understand how â€Å"the lost† (damned) feel, hat they too; are trapped in never ending darkness. Hopkins emotional Journey in this poem moves from a pleading state with God, through self-pity then to an his suffering of insomnia, but disappointed with himself for being so. Between the two poems Hopkins emotions change of emotions from the Joyfulness of ‘Gods Grandeur† to the despair of â€Å"l wake and feel the fell of dark, not day’ is a journey in itself. Hopkins must have experienced a pivotal moment in his life for his emotions to change so dramatically. â€Å"Reign Over Me† written and directed by Mike Binder has a very powerful inner journey (both mental and emotional). It is the story of a man named Charlie and his struggle to deal with the loss of his family in the tragedy of 9/1 1, Charlie suffers from Postgraduates Stress Disorder (PETS) and is helped through the struggle by his former college roommate Alan. In the movie, Charlie starts off weaving through the traffic on this motorists scooter, symbolizing that he is in his own world. Charlie is stuck in a loop the whole way through the movie, every day is a struggle to Just get up out of bed. He lost his family and he is constantly trying to shut that out, he pretends he doesn’t remember any of that pivotal moment in time. He Just shut down. Quit work. He stopped wanting to talk about her. Then he acted like he didn’t remember them. Then he pretended like he didn’t remember us. † Charlie’s in-laws are constantly trying to talk to him, while Charlie is Just trying to forget. He is in a state of denial for most of the movie, until Alan gets him to talk to someone. First he tries a therapist, but Charlie refuses to talk. Eventually Charlie confides in Alan and tells him the story of how he lost his whole world â€Å"†¦.. And I felt them burning. † This is the beginning of a new Journey for Charlie; he has finally realized that he must member them to enable himself to move on. Charlie’s emotions peak at amazing highs and drop so low at times that he doesn’t know if he can live with the pain of losing his family, but with the help of his in-laws and his friend Alan, Charlie’s journey has gotten back on a more stable path. What Charlie went through, made his mind and soul so distressed that his Journey to recovery will never end, it will be a constant struggle to stay on the stable path. So this particular example of Journey has no arrival, but the process of his emotional peaks and falls has made his Journey a lot ore important than where he will end up. Again, does a life Journey ever really end? Will Charlie ever arrive at a point where is can Just stop? No, he must always continue The final text in a visual representation of a Journey, in the middle of the frame you are looking at a set of steps (outside) leading up to darkness with a caption above reading â€Å"Life is a Journey-EnJoy the Journey. † The steps in the visual are not perfect or straight, they are rough and uneven. This is a symbol meaning that life may not be easy; it will have parts that are unstable and scary. Also, the steps are leading up to rankness, this represents that we do not know where life will lead us, and it is unknown. If we knew where we were going what would be the point of the Journey? Why wouldn’t we Just Jump around the hard parts and go straight to our destination? No one knows where life will take us; each decision has a separate path leading us to another choice. It doesn’t matter where we end up if there was no story of how we the place where we are standing at a certain moment in time is lit up, we can only see so far ahead of us. Once that light ends it is unrevealed where the path will lead. The caption above the image reads â€Å"Life is a Journey-EnJoy the Journey. † A life Journey has multiple inner Journeys; each inner Journey is important and significant. There would be no point to the Journey if we didn’t not enjoy each moment. Enjoy life; it is the only real Journey we ever undertake. Each inner Journey is experience differently by the main subject of the individual texts. In both of Hopkins poems he experiences two vastly opposing emotional states. One is admiration for God’s presence, while the other is disappointment at how God can Just ignore Hopkins suffering. Neither one of his poems bring him to any kind of conclusion, therefore his Journey continues and does not arrive anywhere. In â€Å"Reign Over Me† Charlie’s grief moves through the seven stages but does not conclude. He will always grieve but is stable enough for his life Journey to continue. Like Hopkins, Charlie’s Journey is not over when our involvement is over. In the visual representation we cannot see the end of the path so the only option is to persist up the steps, even though it is scary and unknown still the Journey continues. So what is the arrival without each separate step of the Journey? How to cite Journey, Papers Journey Free Essays Each person’s life is a journey on a contorted road dotted with bumps and craters. At certain points, the bumps could seem as high as mountains and the pits as deep as hell, making this journey called life appear quite despondent. Although occasionally, your predicaments are entirely fate’s blunders, but perchance, they are your own. We will write a custom essay sample on Journey or any similar topic only for you Order Now Your personal characteristics roughly resemble a steering wheel for your journey. They could be positive traits, which could steer you on a more decent path; or negative traits, which could steer you to a path that’s, well†¦ not so decent. Although you have no control over fate, you have power over your own â€Å"driving skills†, and could thus widen or narrow your chance for a smooth, prosperous journey. Also, it is beneficial to remember that you are not alone, for there are many other roads that coincide with yours, where others are conducting through their own journeys and floundering through their own bumps and craters as well. Drive together, and you could purvey support and encouragement for one another, and thus institute milder paths for all of you. Most prominently, no matter how harsh the terrain of your road becomes, just remember that you will pull through and be transformed for the better because of it. This optimistic philosophy that I’ve adopted had been much solace to me in my own journey in becoming a successful high school student. It was not at all easy. Although fate has been overall lenient to me, it was my â€Å"driving skills† that tended to direct my course towards huge bumps. Despite my awareness of my own flaws and omissions, I still compulsorily reproached others and sought ways to exonerate myself. This was one of the worst traits I retain. It precluded me from obtaining responsibility for my choices and learning from past oversights, thus impeded my maturing process. For example, my projects were oftentimes undone till the last minute (including this one). I would think to myself, â€Å"I don’t feel like doing it today, so I’ll work on it tomorrow†. Thus the project was delayed further and further until there was no â€Å"tomorrow† for it anymore, and then I would end up working well over midnight while secretly scowling at the teacher for giving out such a tedious and inane assignment. Immaturity and refusal to admit my errors caused me to plunge into countless pits in my journey. The one positive trait that had proved to be highly efficient in boosting me out of these pits is ambition. I know that too much of it could corrupt a person, but so far it had only empowered my spirit with much-needed optimism. My greatest ambition is to become a renowned novelist; therefore every hardship and pain to me befits an inspiration for a potential novel. It is a most optimistic perception of things, and it had succoured me through many phases of emotional turmoil. Although my own choices and personal characteristics had prompted many of my dilemmas, a certain number of large bumps on this road did bluntly materialise without my causing them. An example of that would be my kindergarten teacher. Back then, I was excessively shy and timid. (I still am, but not as much). I mainly kept to myself and was far too apprehensive to participate in class activities. Consequently, I might have appeared to be rather slow or mentally challenged. That was exactly what my teacher assumed. She would openly denounce me as a retarded child in front of myself and all my peers, and I was at that stage in my life of accrediting whatever adults told me. Thus for a long time, I subconsciously retained the impression that I was somehow less than other kids. The lack of self-esteem had often induced me to fail before I even try. The other major obstacle that I’ve contended with was during my first years in the States. I had moved to Philadelphia, PA at the age of nine with primitive English comprehension. In addition, we were coerced to dwell in one of the most delinquent and precarious districts in West Philadelphia due to our low budgets. The despicable socio-economic status of my neighbourhood could be seen from the school I attended, which had metal detectors installed at its doors. I underwent a great deal stress both academically and socially due to problems of communication. Plus there were a number of students that discriminated against me because I had the lightest skin colour in my school. As a result, I developed paranoia towards my peers, which ensues me even now. Nevertheless, everybody undergoes their own adversities, shed their own tears, and abide their own pains. At these times of needs, friends, family, and other favourable resources are to be treasured more highly. I was never alone on this road, for many other roads that coincided with mine have brought much joie de vivre upon my journey. One of which who was always there behind me was my dad. I am not abashed to say that he is my best friend. There was a period in my childhood when he was not there for me. However, he made up for it by being the best father one could have. Not only did he did take the time to assist me with my homework when needed and spent plenty of quality time with me, he was always there with wisdom, encouragement, and consolation. The other momentous source of benefit is Canada. Moving across the Atlantic Ocean was undoubtedly the best thing that ever happened to me. The reason is that the education system in China is not only relentlessly harsh; it is sadistically cruel. Society has deemed that if you failed to attain a university degree, you’d be a disgrace. Your career and marital opportunities would be despicably downtrodden. In addition, China possesses an enormous population and too few universities to match, thus eliciting nervous breakdowns among many high school students, some were even impelled to commit suicide due to the immense pressure. I, on the other hand, am indescribably glad to be here in Canada, where I am much more likely to do well in high school and thus hold a promising future. Now here I am in grade 10 with a tolerable grade average and a healthy attitude towards school and life in general. Although this journey had been difficult and even toilsome at times, I pulled through. One of the merits that I have acquired from my past experiences is strength. (I’m not referring to muscles, of which I have none). Strength in mind and spirit is like steel, and the most sublime of its quality can only be heated through suffering. I do not mean to pity myself, but I do believe that I’ve suffered more than many other teenagers have. There are certain things that I have not mentioned in this assignment, deeper pits in the hidden trails of my memory. Nonetheless, each time I fall, I was obliged to obtain strength in order to rise. Thus each time I rose, I was a little stronger than before. My kindergarten teacher’s abuse, for example, had brought me much self-loathing, but not anymore. What’s left is a searing urge within me to spite her by proving her wrong. Another lesson that I’ve learned through my journey up to this point is to appreciate all that life has to offer. Life is short, and my road could abruptly come to a halt at anytime. Thus it is prominent to savour each and every moment of it by focusing on the positive things. My struggles and desolation have procured me to value what I have in order to overcome depression. My family, friends, and other fortunate events in my life have been lights in times of darkness, reminding me that the world is not completely forlorn and bleak. Optimism, along with strength, is all that I need to carry on. And thus I go forth on this journey with the memories of all the people and places I’ve left behind. I know that as long as I possess a goal, I will never be lost. My goal as a successful high school student had been so far adequately accomplished, however, as always, there is much room for enhancement. It had been a most arduous but rewarding journey. My friends and family, especially my father, had made this journey much easier. Also, I would not overlook Canada, which is such an enlightening and lenient learning environment. All of these allies and resources have presented me with guidance in the right course. However, some of my personal characteristics, like irresponsibility, were inclined to steer me astray. Then again, other traits that I possess, like ambition, succoured me in the continuance of my journey. The bumps and craters that I’ve met along my journey held a large role in constituting the person that I am now. I have fallen so many times into the seemingly abyss of despair and struggled against the mirror for just a speck of self-esteem, but I have survived. I understand that there will be greater obstacles and barriers in the future, but I personally believe that pain is a thing to be prized. Someone who does not know pain would not appreciate joy, nor would he obtain the strength to make his journey worthwhile. You can also order a custom research paper, term paper, thesis, dissertation or essay on journey from our professional custom essay writing company which provides students with high-quality custom written papers at an affordable cost. How to cite Journey, Papers

Perceptual Development Essays - Mental Processes, Vision, Perception

Perceptual Development a) Describe 2 studies of perceptual development (12 marks). b) Assess the way in which such studies help to explain the development of perception (12 marks). In the following essay I intend to describe two studies of perceptual development. I then intend to assess such studies and how they help to explain the development of perception. By perceptual development, I mean how animals and humans alike develop their seeing capabilities. This development of perception could be learnt or innate. By innate, I mean to be born with the ability. a) Gibson and Walk conducted a study in 1960. The study was investigating Depth Perception. The study involved a 6-month-old child, 24-hour-old chicks, kids and lambs. Gibson and Walk used a 'Visual Cliff' to conduct the study. The 'Visual Cliff' was comprised of 2 floors. On one side there was a check-board pattern, on the other side there is glass floor. Below the glass floor there was another floor with check-board pattern. This was placed so that an illusion of a cliff and depth was created. At first the child was placed and was found to be reluctant to go onto the glass. The child's reluctance could be seen as even with encouragement from the child's mother, the child refused to go onto the glass. The study was continued on chicks, kids and lambs. All subjects studied refused to go onto the glass. Held and Hein conducted a study in 1965. The study was investigating Depth Perception. The study involved two kittens. The kittens were kept in the dark for a period of eight weeks since their birth and for three hours per day they were kept in a 'Kitten Carousel'. The kittens were given appropriate name. 'Passive Kitten' and Active Kitten' were their names. The Active Kitten was given the ability to move freely at it's own discretion, during the eight weeks. The Passive Kitten was unable to move freely during the eight weeks. Both Kittens were released into the light. The Passive Kitten showed no evidence of perceiving depth. The Active Kitten did far better then the Passive Kitten. b) Studies like the above two help explain the development of perception. Studies do this by allowing us to understand if perception is learnt or an innate process. The first study suggested that their subjects could perceive Depth Perception. However the study did not clearly identify whether perception was innate or learnt. This could not be identified as the child's age created a 'time period' were perception could be learnt. To clarify this the study was conducted on animal subjects. All of the subjects could perceive depth. However the animal subjects walk from almost birth. This ability to walk suggests a different process of perception to the human perception. Perception in the animal subjects seems to be an innate process. The second study was confined to 'Kittens'. The study suggested that depth perception is learnt. This was suggested by the 'Passive Kitten', restricted from movement was unable to perceive depth once free. The kitten was unable to use sensory motor co-ordination. This suggests a link between perception and sensory motor co-ordination. The study suggested perception is learnt in kittens. Environment factors also may affect perception. The study had ethical concerns, the 'Passive Kitten' was 'crippled'. The Kittens parents may have a genetic affect on their behavior. The study does not suggest what type of kittens was investigated. For Example; 'Domestic or Non-Domestic'. There are other variations of Kittens (cats) and therefore this may be claimed as a variable. Hence making the results invalid. . Different types of Kittens usually require their parents for a varied period of their early life. This may affect the results. Both studies did not suggest what depth perception is like in 'Humans'. The studies were confined to animals, which can not communicate through any human created language and therefore misinterpretation can occur. Hence, the validity of the results comes into concern. Other studies of perception have occurred. However conducting studies of human perception is complicated, as it is not easy to generalise. Commonly studies are done on westernised subjects rather than subjects from third world countries. Studies suggest that cultural variation, environment and social aspects can have an affect on perception. Therefore many studies conducted up to date are invalid for not considering this issue as a variable. The studies reveal different results. However these different results enable me to understand the development of perception. This suggests that perception is developed in many different ways and therefore can not conclusively be used to generalise.

Diversity and Your Children †Communications Essay

Diversity and Your Children – Communications Essay Free Online Research Papers Diversity and Your Children Communications Essay As adults in the United States we lead busy life’s. We have to find time for our family, work and time for fun. In the daily grind of the commute and the eight to five work day it is hard to find time to fit it all in. As a parent I find it hard to be able to accomplish everything that I need to get done in a day. I find myself staying up late to catch up after my child is in bed. Our children are the most important parts of our life’s. They need us to be there to teach them and mold them in to good adults. A part of being a parent is to teach them about their heritage, where their family comes from, about their customs and trends. We conduced a survey to find out how parents communicate with there children and if their customs and traditions had anything to do with it. We interviewed thirty adults in our survey. The Breakdown of racial or ethnic groups is as follows nine Caucasian, nine Hispanic, ten African American, one Japanese, and one Korean. The Breakdown of gender was as follows thirteen Males, and seventeen Females. Those who utilize English or Native Tongue are twenty three English, one Spanish and six uses both English and Spanish. The average time spent with children was 7.6 hours a day. Those who use verbal and non-verbal communication where as follows eleven use Verbal communication only, none only use Non-Verbal communication and nineteen use both Verbal and non-verbal. Do their customs or traditions ever interfere with disciplining your children? Thirteen said yes and seventeen said no. The final thing we found was that if customs and traditions helped with raising your children overall? Twenty three said yes and only two said no. The groups had very different treads. When it came to language Caucasian and black people only use English but Spanish people use a mix between English and Spanish. When it came to disciplining children it was about even and when it came to customs and traditions helped with raising your children most people interviewed said that they did. Here in the United States we are such a diverse county but I believe that we all want to raise good kids and instill our beliefs and traditions of our heritage. Research Papers on Diversity and Your Children - Communications EssayPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeStandardized TestingHip-Hop is Art19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and

Why You Shouldnt Use a Period When Text Messaging

Why You Shouldnt Use a Period When Text Messaging Have you ever ended up in a spat with someone after a text message conversation went awry? Has anyone ever accused your messages of being rude or insincere? This may sound a bit crazy, but a study found that using a period to end a texted sentence could be the problem. A team of psychologists at Binghamton University in New York conducted a study among the schools students and found that text message responses to questions that ended with a period were perceived as less sincere than those that did not. The study titled  Texting Insincerely: The Role of the Period in Text Messaging was published in  Computers in Human Behavior  in December 2015, and was led by  Associate Professor of Psychology Celia Klin. Previous studies and your own daily observations show that  most people do not include periods at the end of final sentences in text messages, even when they include them in the sentences that precede them. Klin and her team suggest that this occurs because  the rapid back-and-forth exchange enabled by texting resembles talking, so our use of the medium is closer to how we speak to each other than to how we write with each other. This means that when people communicate by text message they must use other methods to include the social cues that are included by default in spoken conversations, like  tone, physical gestures, facial and eye expressions, and the pauses we take between our words. (In sociology, we use the symbolic interaction perspective to analyze all the ways our daily interactions are loaded with communicated meaning.) There are many ways that we add these social cues to our textual conversations. Most obvious among them are emojis, which have become such a common part of our daily communicative lives that Oxford English Dictionary named the Face with Tears of Joy emoji as its 2015 word of the year. But of course, we also use punctuation like asterisks and exclamation points to add emotional and social cues to our texted conversations. Repeating letters to add emphasis to a word, like sooooooo tired, is also commonly used to the same effect.​ Klin and her team suggest that these elements add pragmatic and social information to the literal meaning of typed words, and so have become useful and important elements of conversation in our digitized, twenty-first-century lives. But a period at the end of a final sentence stands alone. In the context of texting, other linguistic researchers have  suggested that the period reads as finalas shutting down a conversationand that it is more commonly used at the end of a sentence that is meant to convey unhappiness, anger, or frustration. But Klin and her team wondered if this was really the case, and so they conducted a study to test this theory. Klin and her team had 126 students at their university rate the sincerity of a variety of exchanges,  presented as images of text messages on mobile phones. In each exchange, the first message contained a statement and a question, and the response contained an answer to the question. The researchers tested each set of messages with a response that ended with a period, and with one that did not.  One example  read, Dave gave me his extra tickets. Wanna come? followed by a response of Surepunctuated with a period in some instances, and not in others. The study also contained twelve other exchanges using different forms of punctuation, so as to not lead participants on to the intent of the study. Participants rated the exchanges from very insincere (1) to very sincere (7). The results show that people find final sentences that end with a period to be less sincere than those that are ended without punctuation (3.85 on the scale of 1-7, versus 4.06). Klin and her team observed that the period has taken on a particular pragmatic and social meaning in texting because its use is optional in this form of communication. That participants in the study did not rate use of the period as indicating a less sincere handwritten message seems to back this up. Our interpretation of the period as signaling a not entirely sincere message is unique to texting. Of course, these findings do not suggest that people are using periods intentionally to make the meaning of their messages less sincere. But regardless of intent, receivers of such messages are interpreting them that way. Consider that during an in-person conversation, a similar lack of sincerity might be communicated by not looking up from a task or other object of focus while responding to a question. Such behavior signals a lack of interest in or engagement with the person asking the question. In the context of texting, the use of a period has taken on a similar meaning. So if you want to ensure that your messages are received and understood with the level of sincerity you intend, leave the period off the final sentence. You might even consider upping the sincerity ante with an exclamation point. Grammar experts are likely to disagree with this recommendation, but its us social scientists who are more adept at understanding the shifting dynamics of interaction and communication. You can trust us on this, sincerely.

The Scottish Parliament Building Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Scottish Parliament Building - Assignment Example Effective time management does not only ensure that the project is not delayed, but also it ensures that benefits from the projects are derived in a timely manner. David et al (2006) argues that creating a proper project plan is an essential aspect that a firm should take into consideration when initiating any project. Nevertheless, some project managers do not realise the value of a project plan particularly in saving time, reducing cost and improving performance. According to Lewis (2006) there are various strategies that are put in place by project managers in order to ensure a project meets the needs of its users, these includes, incremental, interactive, as well as phased approaches. Whichever approach is employed, project managers who are focused at making their projects successful must espouse careful consideration so as to achieve the objectives of their projects. One of the best aspects that managers must emulate in order to attain the goals of the project is to effectively manage their teams. It is significant to note that team members need to be motivated since their role of ensuring timely completion of projects is paramount (Joseph 2003). Some of the major ways of motivating human labour force includes training, salary increment, holidays and promotion. This paper seeks to discuss various aspects that contributed to the success of Scottish Parliament. Major primary elements that will be discussed include proper allocation of resources, appropriate planning of time as well as hiring of skilled labour. Factors that contributed to the success in the construction of Scottish Parliament Proper use of resources Commencement of Scottish Parliament building, that is located east of Edinburgh town, was started in 1999. One of the major aspects that led the construction of Scottish Parliament to be successful was efficient allocation and use of resources from internal sources and external donors. As stipulated by Dardanelli (2005) it is vital for project man agers to ensure effective use of financial resources so as to avoid corruption and misuse of resources which are major causes project failure. Time planning Efficient time planning by the Scottish Parliament project managers highly contributed to the successful completion of Scottish Parliament. As stipulated by Bain (2004) failure by some project managers to appropriately manage their time, is a key issue that leads to delays in the completion of projects. In order to ensure timely completion of the Scottish Parliament, despite the controversies of cost increment and site selection, project managers ensured appropriate scheduling of activities that were concerned in the completion of the parliament building. Balfour & McCrone (2005) argues that notwithstanding the criticisms from various individuals for example Lord Fraser and public reaction, Scottish Parliament building was welcomed by various professionals and architects.   Public inquiry  that aimed at investigating the man agement and the supervision of the entire construction criticised the top management team due to selection of Bovis as the senior manager as well as appointment of non-Scottish architect. Skilled labour force Scottish Parliament was also successful due to experienced labour force. It is imperative to note that efficient managers take into consideration the experience of

Articles Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Articles Summary - Essay Example The chapter, however, argues that these traditional distinctions do not properly investigate international migration. Instead, the chapter indicates that international migration should be investigated comprehensively, involving the impact that the migratory patterns have on both the host country and the country the person came from. The chapter then goes on to examine economic theories of migration. The first theory examined is the neoclassical theory. The text argues that neoclassical theory positions migration as occurring because of push and pull factors. Namely, economic conditions push some people out of their regional areas and pull them to different geographical areas. A notable aspect of this theory is that it assumes that people maximize all available opportunities presented to them. One considers that this may be an overly idealistic portrayal of the motivation behind international migration movements. Another theory examined is dual labor market theory. This theory expands some of the neoclassical elements by including the importance of race and gender in motivating migration. The third approach is the new economics of labor migration model. This perspective argues that rather than rooting migration behavior in a single individual, migration must be examined in terms of larger social units; specifica lly, these social units involve families, households, and communities. These varying theories of migration are recognized as significant because they influence a variety of policy decisions that are regarding immigration. Adding to this complexity is the recognition that these varying economic theories may operate at identifying different levels of immigration. This complexity leads the chapter to consider that rather than imagining a singular type of migration, it may be more productive to consider a large array of migrations. As a means

War of 1812 :: American America History

War of 1812 War of 1812, conflict between the United States and Great Britain from 1812 to 1815. Fought over the maritime rights of neutrals, it ended inconclusively. Background Over the course of the French revolutionary and the Napoleonic wars between France and Great Britain (1793-1815), both belligerents violated the maritime rights of neutral powers. The United States, endeavoring to market its own produce, was especially affected. To preserve Britain's naval strength, Royal Navy officers impressed thousands of seamen from U.S. vessels, including naturalized Americans of British origin, claiming that they were either deserters or British subjects. The United States defended its right to naturalize foreigners and challenged the British practice of impressment on the high seas. Relations between the two nations reached a breaking point in 1807 when the British frigate Leopard fired on the USS Chesapeake in American territorial waters and removed, and later executed, four crewmen. In addition, Britain issued executive orders in council to blockade the coastlines of the Napoleonic empire and then seized vessels bound for Europe that did not first call at a British port. Napoleon retaliated with a similar system of blockades under the Berlin and Milan decrees, confiscating vessels and cargoes in European ports if they had first stopped in Britain. Collectively, the belligerents seized nearly 1500 American vessels between 1803 and 1812, thus posing the problem of whether the United States should go to war to defend its neutral rights. Americans at first prepared to respond with economic coercion rather than war. At the urging of President Thomas Jefferson, Congress passed the Embargo Act of 1807, prohibiting virtually all U.S. ships from putting to sea. Subsequent enforcement measures in 1808-1809 also banned overland trade with British and Spanish possessions in Canada and Florida. Because the legislation seriously harmed the U.S. economy and failed to alter belligerent policies, it was replaced in 1809 by the Non-Intercourse Act, which forbade trade with France and Britain. In 1810 Macon's Bill No. 2 reopened American trade with all nations, but stipulated that if one belligerent repealed its antineutral measures, the United States would then impose an embargo against the other. In August Napoleon announced the repeal of the Berlin and Milan decrees on the understanding that the United States would also force Britain to respect its neutral rights. Although Napoleon continued to seize American vessels in French ports, President James Madison accepted his statements as proof that French antineutral decrees had been lifted.

Discussion and Critique of Disney’s Pocahontas

Stereotypes are simply assumptions and generalizations that people make concerning a particular group. In most cases, these generalizations are often negative and are used to discredit and demean the target group. In the United States of America they have been in use since colonial times and are used to propagate racism. These stereotypes are spread by various methods such as in paintings, plays, comedies and films like in the case of Disney movies where the same is expressed through animated films such as Pocahontas, the Little Maiden among others.To narrow down the scope of this essay, the paper will specifically focus on how Disney films depict stereotypes of the Native Americans in the film, Pocahontas. In most of the Disney films, stereotyping is a subject that cannot be ignored. It has in many of their films been depicted as negative towards the Native Americans although in some cases they have been depicted as positive like in the case of Pocahontas. Most of these stereotypes are expressed by use of animated characters to represent various groups for example, women and young girls have been portrayed as oversexed especially those with big breasts and thin waists.Disney in the film Pocahontas though not overtly expressing the negative stereotypes that are found in the previous movies replicates some of them in a concealed manner while at the same time trying to portray other positive ones. Unlike in the previous films where women like Pocahontas were seen as overly sexed, in this film the young lady was portrayed as somebody who is shapely, mature high fashioned super model who is courageous, bright, politically progressive and literate. (Kilpatrick, J. )All Disney movies whether positively or negatively do not reflect a true picture and representation of races and in one way or the other try to reinforce negative cultural stereotypes of the native Americans. Disney in most films shows the natives as people who are primitive, savagery, unintelligent by th is is done by use of various animated creatures to represent this for example, in the Little Maiden Disney uses a dark and a light maiden to represent the characters of the natives and the whites respectively (Peach, L. J. 58).With reference to the above case, Disney uses the light mermaid which is portrayed as having good characters to represent the Whites while the dark mermaid with bad characters is used to represent the natives but unlike in the Little mermaid, Disney in Pocahontas brings the stereotype of love conquering racism by this super model saving the life of a Whiteman, Smith through love. â€Å"Pocahontas exudes a kind of soppy romanticism that not only saves John Smith’s life, but convinces the crew of the British ship to turn its greedy captain and return to England† (Giroux, 117).Disney films’ trials to depict native females as supportive, romantic, saviors and non-racists are challenged by other people who view this move in a negative light. Th ese are people like Green Rayna in the essay; The Pocahontas Perplex contradicts this by showing Pocahontas as a lady who betrays her race to the white race. (Peach, 95) In the film Pocahontas, there is under representation of races something that poses a very great danger to the children. The film fills the mind of these young children with a false notion that racism does not exist.Considering that the brain of a child is not yet fully developed, this child will take whatever is provided to them. Many parents do not see the harm that these films cause to the children and they think they are harmless something that is highly opposed by one of the top theorists Jack Zipes who argues that Disney films are dangerous to the children who watch them. To support this Giroux (121) says, â€Å"There is nothing innocent in what kids learn about race as portrayed in the magical world of Disney. †In the book, Celluloid Indians, the Native Americans are totally misrepresented in the films and are depicted as inferior to the whites. Those stereotypes that are depicted in this book can be classified into three that is mental, spiritual and sexual but the most important is the mental one. In most cases, native Indians have been depicted as warlike and have been portrayed as people who would fight at the slightest provocation and for this reason according to Kilpatrick (xvii), â€Å"they (the natives) have been firmly placed in the echelons of intelligence by many Euro-Americans†¦.There are other bad terms that have been used by the whites to refer to the Native Americans and especially to the Indians. These are terms such as dirty and red skinned, filthy, primitive, savagery and innocent. Most of these terms were used to compare the level of intelligence of the natives with that of the whites and thus insinuate that they are lesser intelligent that the whites. (Kilpatrick 1999; 32-35) In short in all Disney films, stereotyping is eminent whether positively or neg atively portrayed.In Pocahontas Disney tries to brainwash people into thinking that racism is a thing of the past but this is not true as in the end the two parties seem to go into separate ways. Nonetheless, the film tried to ameliorate the negative aspects of the Native Americans that have been portrayed by Disney’s previous films. These stereotypes are said to negatively impact on the children who in most cases tend to take what they see in the movies as the gospel truth.

The Ethics Of Care An Argument Against Mill s...

In Support of Held’s Ethics of Care: An Argument Against Mill’s Utilitarianism in Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky This ethics study will define the problem of utilitarianism in the â€Å"ethics of care proposed by Virginia Held (2006) within the literary context of Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky. Held (2006) defines the problem of utilitarian ethics as an abstraction of emotions in moral issues, which alienates the individual in the care process. This method denies the premise of care† when Raskolnikov decides to murder an old man in order to rationalize the death of woman to save the lives of thousands in terms of health care. Held would view Raskolnikov’s descent into criminal behavior as part of this immoral aspect of Mill s theory of values. More so, Held (2006) would discern the â€Å"greater good† theory of Mill’s ethical approach to without an emotional or relational value systems between human beings. In essence, an argument against Mill’s utilitarian Theory of Values will define Raskolnikov’s descent into criminality in the context of Held’s ethics of care philosophy of interpersonal relationships in the community. Virginia Held (2006) sought to bring a more emotional and non-abstracted evaluation of human relationships outside of the abstract reasoning of John Stuart Mill’s premise of a Theory of Values in utilitarian philosophy. Utilitarianism defines an abstracted evaluation of the â€Å"greater good† of society, which claims an impartial view ofShow MoreRelatedDeontological Theories And Duties Have Existed For Centuries Essay1625 Words   |  7 PagesMorgan Meyer Meyer 1 PHIL 242 Section 1010 A.R 8/12/2016 1.) Deontological Ethics Deontological theories and duties have existed for centuries, primarily because of religion. Before philosophers like Immanuel Kant religious beliefs are what kept people from stealing from their neighbor or cheating on their partners. 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